Ameliorative Potential of Menstrual Blood-derived Endometrial Stem Cells in Alcohol-Induced Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Alcohol-induced fatty liver disease (AFLD) begins with steatosis and may progress to a range of pathological liver changes, including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and complications. Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) have shown potential therapeutic effects against various types of liver damage. However, the liver-protective effects of MenSCs in AFLD are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MenSCs on AFLD progression. Methods: MenSCs were sourced from women in good health (N=5, 25-34 years old). Male C57BL/6 mice were separated into three distinct groups to establish the mouse models. The AH/- MenSCs group received MenSCs (5×105 cells/mouse) transplantation through tail injection on the 7th and 13th days following the initiation of the alcohol-induced fatty liver model. The therapeutic effects of MenSCs transplantation in AFLD mouse models were subsequently explored using qPCR, Western blotting, histopathological examination, and mRNA sequencing analysis. Results: MenSCs significantly improved liver function and reduced lipid accumulation in AFLD. Treatment with MenSCs was also found to reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and profibrotic markers in the liver tissues of the mouse model. Additionally, the MenSCs- treated group demonstrated a significant reduction in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress, along with an increase in autophagic activity. Conclusion: The findings provided preliminary evidence of the multifaced protective effects of MenSCs in AFLD.