Synthesis and properties of tailored β‐tricalcium phosphate for bone filler applications

Abstract The present work reports the synthesis of highly phase pure (> 95%) β‐TCP and its subsequent conversion into granules for bone graft applications, using an industrial scale proprietary manufacturing route. Following the wet chemical approach, several process parameters, were adjusted for large volume synthesis, including pH, precursor concentration, and ripening time. The granulation process is tailored to facilitate the scalibility and control over morphology, porosity, and pore size. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the presence of pure β‐TCP phase where as Ca/P molar ratio of 1.497 was determined using ICP‐OES. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy depicts the presence of PO 4 3− as a major molecular group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the β‐TCP powders reveal necking features, a characteristic morphology of β‐TCP. SEM images of the β‐TCP granules reveal microporosity, which aids in triggering a biological response. The TGA‐DTA curve suggests that the weight loss in pure β‐TCP is twice as compared with β‐TCP containing hydroxyapatite. Furthermore, these β‐TCP granules were clinically tested in a few orthopedic and spine surgeries. In all the treated patients, β‐TCP granules did not induce any pus formation or infection at the surgical sites, thereby establishing clinically relevant biocompatibility properties.