拓本
液晶
材料科学
基质(水族馆)
方向(向量空间)
光学
斜格
薄膜
复合材料
结晶学
光电子学
纳米技术
化学
几何学
物理
地质学
哲学
海洋学
语言学
数学
摘要
Vacuum-deposited films now replace the familiar ``rubbing'' process in substrate preparation for liquid-crystal cells. Films deposited at an angle provide an oriented surface for alignment of nematic liquid crystals far better than the well-known ``rubbed'' plate. The oblique deposit causes a film growth in a preferred direction, which results in a ``sympathetic alignment'' of the nematic liquid crystals when applied.
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