Clinical efficacy of bevacizumab combined with cisplatin in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion and ascites caused by lung cancer: a randomized trial

Background: To analyze the clinical effect of bevacizumab combined with cisplatin in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion and ascites. Methods: A total of 86 patients with malignant pleural effusion and ascites admitted from June 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research participants and randomly divided into a control group and observation group, with 43 cases in each group. The control group was given cisplatin intracavitary perfusion scheme, and the observation group was given bevacizumab combined with cisplatin intracavitary perfusion scheme. The Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) were used to evaluate participants’ self-perceived negative symptoms, depression, and anxiety. The therapeutic effect and adverse reactions of the 2 groups were compared. The t-test was used for measurement data, and c2 test was used for enumeration data. Statistical significance was considered at P<0.05. Results: After treatment, the serum levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the observation group were significantly decreased and statistically lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05); the malignant pleural and abdominal water volume, average urine volume, and average chest circumference of the observation group were improved, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (all P<0.05). The scores of each factor of SCL-90 in the observation group were decreased, among which the scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, and terror in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05); after treatment, the HAMD and HAMA scores of the observation group decreased, and the scores of HAMD (13.71±5.98) and HAMA (17.62±3.98) of the observation group were significantly lower than the score of (16.52±5.75) and (21.54±4.77) of the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusions: In the clinical treatment of malignant pleural effusion and ascites, bevacizumab combined with cisplatin intracavitary perfusion can improve the clinical treatment effect, reduce the depression and anxiety of patients, optimize patient quality of life, and improve the safety of treatment. Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100048959.