Objective To investigate the efficacy of repairing bone defect with the compound of red bone mar-row(RBM) and autogenous micro grain bone.Methods The animal models of bilateral ulna bone defect were creacted by surgery in the 21 New Zealand white rabbits and were treated with the autogenous micro grain bone and the compound of RBM by autograft.No implant as control the effect was observed by gross,histopathologi-cal and X-ray examinations at 4,7 weeks after operation and was determined by biomechanics at 9 weeks. Results The group of RBM-autogenous micro grain bone-composite repaired bone defect more effectually at 4, 7 weeks,but not with the no implant group. The effect of biomechanics had statistically significant different between the group of autogenous micro grain bone and the group of RBM-autogenous micro grain bone-composite at 9 weeks. Conclusion The group of RBM-autogenous micro grain bone-composite possesses much faster os-teogenesis and has more quantity of substitution bone and can repair bony defect more efficiently than the group of autogenous micro grain bone.