In the course of the Sinicism of Marxism,Mao Zedong made a historical contribution to solving the problems of the people's livelihood,he created the thought of serving the people which is the livelihood of Communist Party of China and explored positively into improving the people's livelihood.This article will explore the following: a prerequisite for improving people's livelihood,the purpose of improving people's livelihood,developing production and raising the living standard,the limitation of Mao Zedong's thoughts of people's livelihood and practical enlightenment.