Recent Research Progress and Perspectives on Porphyrin-Based Porous Photocatalysts in the Field of CO2 Reduction

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction with valuable carbon-containing fuel production using abundant light energy resources is conducive to reducing CO2 emissions and fossil fuel combustion. Drawing inspiration from the excellent capabilities of active substances in both light capture and photogenerated charge transfer in natural photosynthesis of porphyrins and their derivatives will help to develop research ideas for CO2 reduction photocatalysts. Porphyrin-based porous structure photocatalysts have excellent light absorption units and porous structures. Its excellent light capture, CO2 capture/adsorption, mass transfer, and more catalytic sites are beneficial for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. To further effectively improve the CO2 reduction performance of porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts, it is necessary to review its recent research progress. With the key processes in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction taken as a path to understand, analyze, and summarize the composition, structure, synthesis method, and performance of porphyrin-based photocatalysts, this review focuses on metal-free porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts with strong CO2 adsorption, porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts with active coordination metals, and porphyrin-based porous composite photocatalysts with strong photogenerated charge separation ability in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction field. Finally, the challenges and prospects of porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts for CO2 reduction are discussed.