Template‐Based Fabrication of Porous Carbon for High‐Performance Supercapacitor Electrode

Porous carbon materials attract substantial research interest as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors, owing to their high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and remarkable chemical and thermal stability. Diverse synthesis strategies have been explored to improve the electrochemical performance of porous carbon electrodes. Among these, the template method demonstrates significant potential for precisely constructing porous architectures, showing great promise for both probing energy storage mechanisms and fabricating high‐performance carbon materials. This review comprehensively examines sacrificial templating strategies for synthesizing porous carbon materials, beginning with an overview of the design principles for hierarchical porous architectures. The templating methods are classified into three main categories—hard, soft, and self‐templating—with a discussion of their respective formation mechanisms and recent methodological advances. The influence of these strategies on the morphological, structural, and electrochemical properties of the resulting carbons is analyzed. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are outlined to facilitate the application of templated porous carbons in high‐performance supercapacitors.