Prussian Blue Based Nanomaterials for Bacterial Detection and Killing Application

The Prussian blue (PB) based nanomaterials have excellent photophysical and chemical properties, including strong photothermal conversion ability, multiple catalytic activities, porous structure, high specific surface area, and good stability. Furthermore, as an FDA-approved antidote for heavy metal and radioactive element poisoning, PB-based nanomaterials do not provoke significant immune responses or other adverse effects, demonstrating good biocompatibility. Prussian blue and its analogues (PB/PBAs) possess unique optical properties, allowing for the construction of highly sensitive biosensors for disease diagnosis and phototherapy. With advances in nanotechnology, a variety of nanoplatforms based on PB/PBAs have been developed for the detection and bacterial killing. This review mainly introduces the synthesis methods of PB/PBAs nanomaterials and summarizes the research progress of PB/PBAs nanomaterials in the detection and killing of bacteria in recent years. Finally, the paper further discusses the existing challenges and adjustment directions related to the current research, providing guidance for future research and construction of the PB/PBAs nanoplatform.