Dilemma of Low-Cost Filter Paper as Separator: Toughen Its Wet Strength for Robust Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

transference number and facilitating uniform zinc deposition. Surprisingly, the half and full cells with the WSFP separator present much more stable cycling than untreated FP and glass fiber (GF) separators. These results suggest that robust and low-cost WSFP separators provide a new avenue for the development of high-performance AZIBs with potential for commercialization.