癌变
癌症研究
视网膜母细胞瘤
生物
受体酪氨酸激酶
信号转导
酪氨酸激酶
癌
基因
病理
医学
遗传学
出处
期刊:Nature Reviews Cancer
[Springer Nature]
日期:2005-08-19
卷期号:5 (9): 713-725
被引量:624
摘要
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is unique among epithelial carcinomas in its divergent pathways of tumorigenesis. Low-grade papillary tumours rarely become muscle-invasive and they frequently harbour gene mutations that constitutively activate the receptor tyrosine kinase-Ras pathway. By contrast, most high-grade invasive tumours progress to life-threatening metastases and have defects in the p53 and the retinoblastoma protein pathways. Correcting pathway-specific defects represents an attractive strategy for the molecular therapy of urothelial carcinomas.
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