Ammonia Synthesis Technology

In this chapter, various aspects of ammonia synthesis from hydrogen and nitrogen are discussed, starting with historical developments. Various licensed ammonia synthesis technologies are discussed, including technologies used for fossil-based ammonia production and renewable ammonia production. Various ammonia synthesis catalysts are discussed, including commercial iron-based catalysts and novel catalysts. Cost estimates for ammonia synthesis loops are provided. The chapter concludes with novel sorbent-based ammonia synthesis loops.