ROS-triggered smart hydrogel adhesives for modulating the inflammatory microenvironment and promoting tendon-bone interface regeneration

cellular experiments demonstrated that DPQP@ME could effectively reduce intracellular ROS levels, regulate macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and promote osteogenic differentiation as well as cartilage formation. Animal studies further demonstrated that DPQP@ME significantly attenuated inflammatory responses and promoted functional reconstruction of the tendon-bone interface. In conclusion, this novel smart hydrogel adhesives provides a promising therapeutic strategy for tendon healing.