Silver nanoclusters with near-infrared-II emission: synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications

metabolic behavior and long-term biosafety. The corresponding strategies for performance enhancement and novel material design approaches will also be discussed. Finally, we will prospect future development directions of NIR-II luminescent AgNCs, with the aim of promoting their broader application breakthroughs in areas such as deep-tissue imaging, multimodal theranostics, and precision medicine.