Taking Yunwu Zanthoxylumsample as material,the volatile oil and anesthetic compositions of Yunwu Zanthoxylum were determined and analyzed through the related research results of Hancheng Zanthoxylum,Hanyuan Zanthoxylumand Zanthoxylum armatum v.novemfolius.The results showed that the volatile oil content of Yunwu Zanthoxylum was up to 6.5 mL·(100g)-1,which was 4.2,3.4and 1.3times than Hancheng Zanthoxylum,Hanyuan Zanthoxylum and Zanthoxylum armatum v.novemfolius.The anesthetic compostitions content of Yunwu Zanthoxylum was 29.25mg·g-1,which was 2.7,3.3and 2.2times than the formers.The composition and higher content of five components of the volatile oil among four kinds of Zanthoxylum were different,and showed different flavor characteristics.