The smoldering agent nanometre mognesium molybdate,calcium molybdate and barium molybdate are systhesised by flux method.The crystal structure are determined by X-ray diffraction,the flame reatrdant effect of alkaline earth molybdate are compared by thermal weight and differental thermal analysis.The result show,the heat stability of calcium molybdate is poor,the losstemperature of magnesium molybdate is higher 10 ℃ than calicium molybdate,over 50 ℃ than calcium molybdate;the decomposition process of maghesium molybdate is exothermic process,the decomposition process of calcium molybdate and barium molybdate is endothermic prcess,the smoldering effect of maghesium molybdate,barium molybdate and calcium molybdate is order decline.