One of the important reasons for the uneven development of Socio-Economic in Gansu Province is due to the regional diversity of population.In 1990 the fourth census and in 2000 the fifth census data carried on the real diagnosis analysis and the statistical distribution examination result to Gansu Province indicated that,from the fourth census to 2000 the fifth census,the population of Gansu Province which expanded while the scale,the population city distribution difference instead has reduces,one of main reasons was various cities population growth difference has reduces.In order to carry out the sustainable social and economic growth of Gansu Province,great importance must be attached to the rational regulations for the regional diversity of population while controlling the total population in the region effectively.