Objective To study etiological factors for male infertility by using molecular epidemiologic method and to provide experimental basis for genetically diagnosing and screening in azoospermic and oligozoospermic patients before they were carried out with Intracytoplasma Sperm Injection. Methods RBM1 gene was cloned by using plasmid cloning technique, sequenced and detected by PCR. Results Five patients were found RBM1 gene microdeletions among 75 male infertility patients, one in 10 azoospermia and four in 65 oligozospermia. The deletion rate was 6.7% . Conclusions RBM1 gene exists in Chinese males and there are RBM1 gene microdeletions in cases with azoospermia or oligozoospermia.