Characterization and 16S metagenomic analysis of organophosphorus flame retardants degrading consortia

Three bacterial consortia, named YC-SY1, YC-BJ1 and YC-GZ1, were enriched from different areas of China. Bacterial consortia YC-SY1, YC-BJ1 and YC-GZ1 could efficiently degrade triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) (100 mg/L) by approximately 79.4%, 99.8% and 99.6%, tricresyl phosphate (TCrP) by 90.6%, 91.9% and 96.3%, respectively, within 4 days. And they could retain high degrading efficiency under a broad range of temperature (15-40 ℃), pH (6.0-10.0) and salinity (0-4%). A total of 10 bacterial isolates were selected and investigated their degradation capacity. Among these isolates, two were significantly superior to the others. Strain Rhodococcus sp. YC-JH2 could utilize TPhP (50 mg/L) as sole carbon source for growth with 37.36% degradation within 7 days. Strain Sphingopyxis sp. YC-JH3 could efficiently degrade 96.2% of TPhP (50 mg/L) within 7 days, except that no cell growth was observed. Combined with 16S diversity analysis, our results suggest that the effective components of three bacterial consortia responsible for TPhP and TCrP degradation were almost the same, that is, bacteria capable of degrading TPhP and TCrP are limited, in this study, the most efficient component is Sphingopyxis. This study provides abundant microorganism sources for research on organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) metabolism and bioremediation towards OPFRs-contaminated environments.