People as data, data as oil: the digital sovereignty of the Indian state

This article connects the Indian state’s regulation of the digital economy, exemplified by the 2019 draft of the e-commerce policy, to its regulation and control of bodies, specifically through the biometric ID, Aadhaar, and its proliferating uses. It argues that the thrust of India’s emergent project of digital sovereignty is not merely geopolitical, but also biopolitical, a process through which the Indian state is engaged in altering what it is to be sovereign and its subject.