Genetic and epigenetic regulation of PPARγ during adipogenesis.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is the master regulator of adipogenesis and adipose tissue development. It also plays crucial roles in many other biological processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. Recently, evidence has been accumulating that the PPARγ gene is not only genetically regulated, but also epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA and chromosome remodeling. In this review, we summarize the advances in the genetic and epigenetic regulation of the PPARγ gene during adipogenesis, and discuss future research directions and trends for the study of its regulation.