Research Status of Microbial Exopolysaccharide and Its Metabolic Pathway

微生物胞外多糖因具有独特的物化性质、流变学特性和生物安全性等优势而在工业生产与生活等多个领域具有广泛的应用价值，但是由于生产成本高、产量少等限制其广泛的应用，本文简述了产生胞外多糖的微生物菌种筛选、分离及培养，产糖条件的优化，胞外多糖的提取及分离纯化与微生物胞外多糖的应用等方面的研究进展，重点介绍了微生物胞外多糖代谢途径的研究现状。通过微生物胞外多糖的代谢途径的研究可以获得提高胞外多糖产量的方法，为微生物胞外多糖的工业化应用奠定基础。 Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, rheological properties and biological safety, microbial polysaccharides have been widely used in many fields, such as industrial production and life. But due to high production costs and less production limit its wide application. The screening, isolating and culturing of microbial strains of extracellular polysaccharides were introduced in this paper, and the optimization of production of flocculant conditions and the separation and purification of extracellular polysaccharides were also discussed. Furthermore, the research status of the microbial exopolysaccharide metabolic pathway was focused. The method of improving the production of extracellular polysaccharides can be found by the study of metabolic pathways of microbial exopolysaccharides, which lays the foundation for the industrial application of microbial extracellular polysaccharide.