Coherent Φ-OTDR based on I/Q demodulation and homodyne detection

We demonstrate a novel distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR). Both the phase and the amplitude of the Rayleigh scattering (RS) light can be demodulated in real-time. The technique is based on I/Q demodulation and homodyne detection using a 90° optical hybrid. The theoretical analysis is given, and as a proof of the concept, the dynamic strain sensing is experimentally demonstrated, with a sensing range of 12.566 km and a spatial resolution of 10 m.