Dexmedetomidine – An emerging option for sedation in neonatal patients

Dexmedetomidine is a sedative agent with limited dosing, safety, and efficacy information in the neonatal population. This comprehensive review describes the available evidence summarizing the use of dexmedetomidine in various neonatal populations. We identified 21 studies and 1 case report supporting the efficacy and short-term safety of DEX in neonates. Reported dosing ranges from 0.5–1.5 mcg/kg/h with or without loading doses. Clinically relevant adverse effects include bradycardia and hypotension. Future studies are needed to determine long-term safety and facilitate clinical applicability.