生物
微泡
细胞生物学
神经科学
少突胶质细胞
外体
谷氨酸受体
神经元
轴突
髓鞘
受体
中枢神经系统
小RNA
生物化学
基因
作者
Carsten Frühbeis,Dominik Fröhlich,Wen Lin Kuo,Jesa Amphornrat,Sebastian Thilemann,Aiman S. Saab,Frank Kirchhoff,Wiebke Möbius,Sandra Goebbels,Klaus-Armin Nave,Anja Schneider,Mikael Simons,Matthias Klugmann,Jacqueline Trotter,Eva-Maria Krämer-Albers
出处
期刊:PLOS Biology
[Public Library of Science]
日期:2013-07-09
卷期号:11 (7): e1001604-e1001604
被引量:594
标识
DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001604
摘要
Reciprocal interactions between neurons and oligodendrocytes are not only crucial for myelination, but also for long-term survival of axons. Degeneration of axons occurs in several human myelin diseases, however the molecular mechanisms of axon-glia communication maintaining axon integrity are poorly understood. Here, we describe the signal-mediated transfer of exosomes from oligodendrocytes to neurons. These endosome-derived vesicles are secreted by oligodendrocytes and carry specific protein and RNA cargo. We show that activity-dependent release of the neurotransmitter glutamate triggers oligodendroglial exosome secretion mediated by Ca²⁺ entry through oligodendroglial NMDA and AMPA receptors. In turn, neurons internalize the released exosomes by endocytosis. Injection of oligodendroglia-derived exosomes into the mouse brain results in functional retrieval of exosome cargo in neurons. Supply of cultured neurons with oligodendroglial exosomes improves neuronal viability under conditions of cell stress. These findings indicate that oligodendroglial exosomes participate in a novel mode of bidirectional neuron-glia communication contributing to neuronal integrity.
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