Long-Term Follow-Up of Hypochondriasis After Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment

Background: There is paucity of knowledge on the long-term outcome of hypochondriasis, with even less knowledge about the effect of treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Methods: This prospective follow-up study included 58 patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) hypochondriasis who had participated in a trial of SSRI treatment 4 to 16 years earlier (mean ± SD = 8.6 ± 4.5 years). Results: Information was obtained on 79.3% (n = 46) of the original group. At follow-up, 40% of the patients continued to meet full DSM-IV criteria for hypochondriasis. Persistence of hypochondriasis was individually predicted by longer duration of prior hypochondriasis (P = 0.003), history of childhood physical punishment (P = 0.01), and less usage of SSRIs during the interval period (P = 0.02). Remission status was not significantly predicted by demographic characteristics, baseline hypochondriasis severity, or psychiatric comorbidity. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of patients with hypochondriasis who receive treatment with SSRIs achieve remission over the long term. Interim SSRI use may be a factor contributing to better prognosis.