Technology-enhanced compression and AI-integrated lymphedema care: a narrative review

Abstract Background Lymphedema is a persistent and often debilitating condition resulting from lymphatic system dysfunction. It frequently develops as a secondary complication, especially after cancer treatments. Traditional management, centered on complete decongestive therapy (CDT), offers modest benefits but is limited by accessibility, long-term adherence, and variable patient response. Aims This narrative review explores how digital health and enhanced compression technologies are reshaping lymphedema care. Methods A comprehensive review of pertinent literature was conducted to assess the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI), telehealth platforms, mobile applications, virtual reality-based rehabilitation, and advanced compression devices in the management of lymphedema. Focus was directed towards their clinical efficacy, patient-centered advantages, and the challenges associated with their implementation. Results AI-driven instruments exhibit significant promise for precise risk stratification, prompt diagnosis, and individualized treatment planning. Digital platforms—including telehealth services, mobile applications, and virtual rehabilitation programs—improve accessibility, enhance patient engagement, and promote sustained adherence over time. Cutting-edge compression modalities, such as sensor-equipped garments, adaptive pneumatic systems, and vibration-assisted apparatus, deliver dynamic, feedback-informed therapeutic interventions. The amalgamation of these technological advancements with wearable biosensors and AI-powered platforms has yielded promising outcomes in limb volume regulation, rehabilitation efficacy, and overall quality of life. Nevertheless, challenges persist concerning equitable access, compliance with regulatory frameworks, cost-effectiveness, and the preparedness of clinicians. Conclusion Digital health and sophisticated compression methodologies signify a transformative advancement in lymphedema management, promoting anticipatory, individualized, and universally accessible healthcare. Mitigating existing obstacles is crucial for the effective incorporation of these approaches into standard clinical protocols. Graphical Abstract