Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy in patients: A case‒control study

Abstract Background Myocardial injury is a major complication of sepsis and a key factor affecting prognosis. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis and timely management of sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of sepsis. The gut microbiota has been shown to be closely associated with sepsis or myocardial injury, but the association between the gut microbiota and SICM is not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the link between gut microbiota composition and SICM. Methods A case‒control and single‐center study of clinical features and gut microbiota profiles by Metagenome and Virome was conducted in SICM patients ( n = 15) and sepsis‐uninduced cardiomyopathy patients (SNICM, n = 16). Results Compared with SNICM patients, SICM patients showed significant myocardial injury and higher 28‐day mortality, SOFA scores, lactate levels, and infection levels on admission. Meanwhile, differences in the composition of gut bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses were analyzed between the two groups. Differential gut bacteria or viruses were found to have a good predictive effect on SICM. Furthermore, gut bacteria and viruses that differed between the two groups were strongly related. The abundance of Cronobacter and Cronobacter phage was higher in the SICM group than in the SNICM group, and the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that Cronobacter and Cronobacter phage both had a good predictive effect on SICM. Conclusions SICM patients may have specific gut microbiota signatures, and Cronobacter and Cronobacter phages have a good ability to identify and diagnose SICM.