Synthesis methods of quantum dots

In the past 30 years, quantum dots (QDs) have attracted a lot of attention due to their unusual properties. Nanostructures are usually synthesized from Groups III–V, II–VI, or IV–VI of the periodic table due to their excellent optoelectronic properties, such as fluorescence and luminescence. The desired objectives which are kept in mind before synthesizing QDs are reproducible synthetic methods, should produce monodisperse NPs, defects-free, cost-effective, and environment friendly. The drastic differences in the optoelectronic properties and exciton energies have been observed in Qdots within particle size <∼30 nm. For altering these Qdot properties precise control over the size, shape, defect, and impurities during their synthesis is to be exercised. In this chapter, various traditional and new emerging methods for synthesizing QDs are discussed.