Musical Executive Function Training (MEFT)®

Abstract Executive functions play a pivotal role in determining the adaptive capacity of a given individual. They are the higher-order neurocognitive functions that determine goal-directed behaviour as well as determining the quality of life in the clinical population with injury to the brain. The prefrontal networks along with complex interconnections with the subcortical pathways are known to be engaged in processing executive functions. Music is a higher-order neurocognitive function and is known to engage several of the overlapping neural pathways. Musical training is known to facilitate neural plasticity and enhance executive functions. Musical executive function training (MEFT) is an evidenced-based NMT technique targeting executive functions that encompass emotional processing as well as social-cognitive processes. MEFT includes techniques and methods that include improvisation and composition exercises targeting executive function skills such as organization, problem solving, decision making, reasoning, and comprehension. This chapter includes a brief overview of the current research status of music-based interventions on executive functions and further delineates the methods and techniques.