Assessment of Reaction Parameters in the Oxidative Desulfurization Reaction

Nowadays, the scientific community is actively researching the advancement of a sustainable effective desulfurization technique. The development of alternative or supplementary approaches to desulfurization has rapidly progressed in recent years. Among these approaches, the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process stands out as a highly promising method. This can be attributed to its notable selectivity, cost-effectiveness, mild reaction conditions, and overall efficiency. It is essential to consider the role of oxidants, catalysts, and operating conditions in optimizing the ODS process. This review examines a comprehensive understanding of the ODS process and its potential applications in desulfurization. It highlights the importance of oxidants, extractant solvent, and other operating conditions in the ODS process and discusses the different groups of catalysts that can be used. In addition, the review examines five distinct groups of heterogeneous catalysts used in the ODS process: transition metal oxides stabilized, polyoxometalates, ionic liquids, carbon materials, and porous materials. The role of ionic liquids in catalytic and extractive oxidation is also explored. In recent years, alternative or supplementary desulfurization methods have been rapidly developed. The review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. It explores various techniques that can be employed to mitigate the drawbacks associated with each system.