For approaching the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated sugar aldehyde,a series of α,β-unsaturated sugar aldehyde was synthesized under different tempratures with five or six menbered sugar aldehyde as starting materials.The results showed that the elimination reaction would be promoted under high temperature.Furthermore,the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated sugar aldehyde via oxidation reaction was explored.The corresponding α,β-unsaturated sugar aldehyde protected by benzyl was firstly obtained by one step synthesis.