Neuroprotective effects of Syringic acid against aluminium chloride induced oxidative stress mediated neuroinflammation in rat model of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major form of dementia among neurodegenerative diseases, which results in memory loss and attention deficits. Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound derivative of plants and fruits, which possessed the numerous biological activities. The present study aims to examine the neuroprotective potential of SA on aluminium chloride (AlCl3) stimulated behavioral deficits and neuroinflammation in the rat AD. The AlCl3 (100 mg/kg.b.wt) via injected intraperitoneally for 60 days to stimulate the AD. The rats were supplemented with low and high doses of SA (25 & 50 mg/kg.b.wt) of SA for 30 days. After end of the experiment, we evaluated behavioral examinations like Morris water maze, Y-maze, elevated plus maze and open field test. Followed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE), biochemical measurement and inflammatory protein expression by western blotting were examined. AD rats displayed reduced memory and learning impairments, augmented short term memory loss and diminished locomotion activity. Interestingly, the neurobehavioral impairments were appreciably stabilized by the SA supplementation to the AD rats. The NF-ƙB, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expressions were assuaged via the SA supplementation to AD rats. The present work demonstrated that the SA treatment ameliorated the AlCl3 stimulated AD.