Correlation Analysis of Some Physical Chemistry Properties among Genetic Codons and Amino Acids

The origin and evolution of the genetic code is a most interesting yet challenging problem for understanding life phenomena. To reveal the internal relations of the physical chemistry properties among genetic codons and amino acids,some important characters of codons molecular weight (MW), water affinity, base force and π energy, and those of amino acids with molecular weight, pI value, relative distance,no substitution and synonymous codon number were investigated.The correlations in these properties were performed using statistical analysis method. The results indicated that there are close relationships not only between the four properties of genetic codons but also between the five properties of amino acids as well as between codon properties and corresponding amino acids ones. In addition, the 20 kinds of amino acid could be classified into four groups based on four properties of codons, which may reflect the veritably corresponding relationships between codons and amino acids to some extent. Finally, the meaning of the internal relations among genetic codons and amino acids characters was discussed. It is clear that comprehending these correlations could provide unique vantage for elucidating co-evolutionary mechanisms between genetic codons and amino acids.