Risk Factors and Comprehensive Control of Pneumonia in Patients with Severe Head Injury

Objective To study the risk factors,incidence,infection types and changes of microbial flora of nosocomial pneumonia of severe head injury in order for better multiple treatment.Methods In our hospital from January 2004 to June 2009,625 cases of nosocomial pneumonia of severe head injury in neurosurgery intensive care unit(NICU) were selected.The risk factors and multiple treatment effects were discussed.Results The nosocomial infection rate was 35.04%.The risk factors of nosocomial pneumonia included senile,coma time,tracheotomy,shock and basal disease and so on.Age60 years,duration of coma1 week,with tracheotomy,indwelling stomach tube,a smoking history and application of hormone therapy can significantly increase the incidence of pulmonary infection.Conclusion For risk factors,support treatment should be strengthened to the elderly patients who had coma for a long time and history of smoking or tracheotomy;20% albumin and gamma globulin should be applicated,sputum culture should be made in order to adjuvant clinical treatment in time,the hormone application should be minimized.To patients underwent indwelling nasogastric tube gastrostomy minimally invasive way should be performed to change the eating to avoid regurgitation and recurrent pulmonary infection,enteral nutrition need to be enhanced.The cure rate could be improved by integrated control and effective control of Pneumonia.