Large-eddy simulation of gas-particle two-phase jet into a supersonic crossflow

Large eddy simulation is used to study the gas-particle two-phase transverse jet in supersonic flow. In this paper, the Eulerian method is used to simulate the fluid, and the Lagrangian method is used to simulate the particles. The numerical study is carried out for different particle mass fractions and Stokes numbers with the jet-crossflow momentum flux ratio and the Mach number of crossflow being kept constant. It is found that the larger particles (St = 5) are mainly located above the counter-rotating vortex pair, and the smaller particles (St = 0.9) are mainly located in the counter-rotating vortex pair. Due to the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, several characteristic phenomena have been observed, including particle trailing and the wave structure constructed of the particle cloud, and the particles also make the Mach disk lower.