Promoting Li Transfer and Storage in Si Anode Through Dynamically Precise Modulation of Constructed Carbon Coating

/electron diffusion channels. In addition, such a hard-carbon-like structure effectively buffers silicon swelling, as observed by in situ electron microscopy with deep learning (DL), the lithiation of Si also operates within the framework of carbon coating, which is also validated at the entire electrode scale. As a result, electrode exhibits higher electrochemical stability and enhanced rate capability compared with conventional carbon coatings. The strategy can also be extended to other alloy-type negative (Ge, Sn) electrode materials. This study provides insight into the rational design of carbon coating structures as high-performance anode materials for batteries.