多糖
细胞壁
糖醛酸
单糖
化学结构
化学
萃取(化学)
原材料
生物化学
色谱法
有机化学
作者
Manli Yang,Wei Ren,Geyuan Li,Ping Yang,Rong Chen,Hua He
出处
期刊:Food & Function
[The Royal Society of Chemistry]
日期:2022-01-01
卷期号:13 (24): 12541-12560
被引量:21
摘要
Polysaccharides are not only the main components in the cell walls of plants and fungi, but also a structure that supports and protects cells. In the process of obtaining polysaccharides from raw materials containing cell walls, the polysaccharides on the cell walls are the products and also a factor that affects the extraction rate. Polysaccharides derived from plants and fungi have mild characteristics and exhibit various biological activities. The biological activity of polysaccharides is related to their chemical structure. This review summarizes the effects of the physicochemical properties and structure of polysaccharides, from cell walls in raw materials, that have an impact on their biological activities, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, chain structure, and uronic acid content. Also, the structure of certain natural polysaccharides limits their biological activity. Chemical modification and degradation of these structures can enhance the pharmacological properties of natural polysaccharides to a certain extent. At the same time, the processing method affects the structure and yield of polysaccharides on the cell wall and in the cell. The extraction and purification methods are summarized, and the effects of preparation methods on the structure and physiological effects of polysaccharides from plants and fungi are discussed.
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