Performance evaluation of low-carbon development at key nodes in the maritime supply chain

How to effectively monitor and evaluate the low-carbon level of the key nodes in the maritime supply chain is a important challenge for the sustainable development of ocean. This article adopted the 'bottom-up' and 'top-down' estimation methods comprehensively to measure the carbon emissions of 'ship-port' system. A new cross-efficiency network DEA (Data envelopment analysis) model has been established to evaluate the low-carbon efficiency of the 'ship-port' system. Finally, this article takes 17 listed ports along the coast of China as examples for case analysis. The main contributions are as follows: First, this paper adds a methodology for monitoring carbon emissions from ships using Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Second, compared with the European monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system, the estimation and assessment of carbon emissions from ships has been expanded to the 'ship-port' system. Third, the newly constructed model can better evaluate the low-carbon performance of the system.