Hederagenin reduces Aβ-induced oxidative damage, decreases Aβ deposition and promotes cell survival by the P13 K/Akt signaling pathway

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. β-amyloid (Aβ) is one of the typical pathological features of AD, and its accumulation leads to neuronal death from oxidative stress. Here, we found that hederagenin (HG), a natural product, exhibits anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, anti-neurodegenerative biological activities. However, whether HG has anti-Aβ activity remains unclear. Based on the characteristics of HG, it is hypothesized that HG has biological activity against Aβ injury. Therefore, Aβ-injured SH-SY5Y cells were constructed, and the protective effect of HG against Aβ injury was further evaluated using C. elegans. The results showed that HG increased superoxide dismutase activity, effectively reduced Aβ-induced oxidative damage, and reduced apoptosis via the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway. HG inhibited Aβ deposition and delayed senescence and paralysis in the C. elegans strain, CL4176. HG showed inhibitory effects on Aβ; therefore, more natural active products are expected to be applied in AD therapy.