Using Multi-Omics Methods to Understand Gouty Arthritis

Gouty arthritis is a common arthritic disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints and the tissues around it. The main pathogenesis of gout is the inflammation caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals. Omics studies help us evaluate global changes in gout during recent years, but most studies used only a single omics approach to illustrate the mechanisms of gout. In this review, we review the genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, proteomics, and metabolomics of gout, observing that different genes, DNA methylation, miRNAs, LncRNAs, circRNAs, proteins, and metabolites are found between hyperuricemia, acute gout arthritis, and chronic gout arthritis, and some of them are associated with disease activity, prognosis or treatment, which help us broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis and provide important clues for valuable biomarkers. To our knowledge, this is the first study that combines all omics studies from genomics to metabolomics and may serve as a reference for future studies to identify the key underlying pathways in gout.