Recovery of silver from end-of-life silicon solar panels through a peroxymonosulfate-based advanced oxidation approach

In PMS/Fe 2+ , high-valent Fe( iv is generated, which converts PMS to singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and sulfate radicals (SO 4 ˙ − ). These reactive species oxidize Ag 0 to soluble Ag + , enabling rapid and efficient silver leaching from end-of-life silicon solar cells.