Simultaneous Determination of 11 High-Polarity Components from Fructus Corni: A Quantitative LC–MS/MS Method for Improved Quality Control

Fructus Corni, the dried ripe sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc (Cornaceae), is widely used in traditional medicine. Pharmacological studies to date have attributed many biological effects to the high-polarity components. However, current quality control methods focus on only several iridoid glycoside components, and, of note, there is no comprehensive method available to simultaneously quantify the high-polarity components in Fructus Corni. Here, a simple, sensitive and robust liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously determine 11 high-polarity constituents (5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural, gallic acid, sweroside, cornin, loganin, morroniside, 7α-O-methylmorroniside, 7β-O-methylmorroniside, 7α-O-ethylmorroniside and 7β-O-ethylmorroniside, cornuside) of Fructus Corni. This method showed good specificity, linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9907), repeatability (RSD < 5.98%) and recovery (93.24 ~ 112.92%, RSD < 9.06%). This validated method was successfully employed to assess the component variation of crude Fructus Corni of three regional origins as well as after processing. In particular, the iridoid isomers were, for the first time, included as the quality markers for Fructus Corni. We propose that this method may provide a new and powerful tool for achieving comprehensive quality control of Fructus Corni.