[Metagenome-wide association of gut microbiome features in children with moderate-severe house dust mite allergic rhinitis].

Objective:To draw a distinct gut microbiota pattern of children with moderate-severe dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis（DAR） and healthy children. Methods:3-10 years old moderate-severe DAR children（68 cases） and healthy children（38 cases） were involved in this study. General information was collected through questionnaires, and fecal samples were collected for metagenomic sequencing. MetaPhlAn3 was used to generate the microbiota composition abundance in detail, and Alpha and Beta diversity changes were calculated. The difference in species abundance at different taxonomic levels were compared. Differences in functional pathways were compared by LEfSe analysis. Results:The diversity of gut microbiota in children with moderate-severe DAR didn't change significantly compared with healthy children. A total of 37 microbial communities or species with significant abundance difference were found, mainly included Lachnoclostridium, Prevotella, Blautia wexlerae, Prevotella copri, Eubacterium eligens, Eubacterium sp CAG 180, etc. However, the metabolism functions of gut microbiota in children with moderate-severe DAR changed compared with healthy children. Various of fatty acids anabolism enhanced in DAR children. Conclusion:Compared with healthy children, there was no significant difference in gut microbial diversity in moderate-severe DAR children. The abundance of a series of specific microbe species had a marked alteration in DAR, accompanied with changes in certain microbial functional pathways.目的：探讨中-重度尘螨变应性鼻炎（DAR）儿童的肠道微生物多样性和结构特征。 方法：选取中-重度DAR患儿68例为DAR儿童组及相匹配的健康儿童38例为健康儿童组，收集一般资料信息，采集粪便样本行宏基因组测序。使用MetaPhlAn3生成样本的菌群组成丰度表，计算Alpha及Beta多样性变化。比较两组间不同分类水平上的物种丰度差异，LEfSe分析检验组间功能通路差异。 结果：DAR儿童组肠道微生物群的物种多样性与健康儿童组比较无明显变化。相对丰度具有显著性差异的微生物群落或种属主要包括蓝绿藻菌属、普雷沃菌属、Blautia wexlerae、Prevotella copri、Eubacterium eligens、Eubacterium sp CAG 180等。中-重度DAR儿童与健康儿童肠道内的微生物功能代谢存在显著差异，DAR儿童的多种脂肪酸合成代谢增强。 结论：中-重度DAR儿童的肠道微生物多样性与健康儿童相比未见明显变化，但菌群结构比例发生失衡，多种特定微生物的丰度发生显著改变，并伴有部分肠道微生物功能通路的改变。.