Neuroprotection of TSG Against Mechanical Trauma Injury Through an Anti-inflammatory Mechanism in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

Background and Objective: Mechanical trauma injury is caused by some external force which does harm to the vasculature, tissues and neighboring neuronal cells. This injury is a serious insult to neuronal cells which may release lactate dehydrogenase as the characteristics of cell damage. The release of inflammatory cytokines in injury cells is a normal immune response but the over expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-" are detrimental to wound recovery. Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines is beneficial to alleviate mechanical trauma injury-induced cell damage. The present study aims to establish the mechanical trauma injury model in vitro and investigate the protective effect of 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-glucoside on this model and its mechanism. Materials and Methods: The SH-SY5Y cells were used to establish the mechanical trauma injury model in vitro by scratching out the monolayer and generating an area devoid of cells. Then, the extent of cell damage of the model was measured by lactate dehydrogenase content determination and 12 h was confirmed as the key time point to explore 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-glucoside concentration given. The cell viability was measured by cell counting kit-8 to determine the optimal concentration of drug administration. The extent of cell damage was detected by immunofluorescence analysis to observe whether 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-glucoside can protect the integrity of the cell structure TUNEL staining was used to detect whether it can decrease cell apoptosis. Finally, Tested the inflammatory cytokine levels (interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-") by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting to clarify the mechanism of cytoprotection. Data were assessed by the SPSS version 13.0. Results: The 2,3,5, 4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-glucoside increased viability of SH-SY5Y cells and the migrative ability, protected the integrity of cell structure, reduced apoptosis, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-") and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine level (interleukin-10) in mechanical trauma injury-induced SH-SY5Y cell model. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that 2,3,5, 4tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-glucoside relieves the mechanical trauma injury-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells by attenuating the levels of inflammatory responses. This might help us to further understand the pharmacological role of 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-glucoside in anti-inflammation and neuroprotection in the neural cells.