HOXC-AS1: A Key Biomarker for Prognosis and Immunotherapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Background: The function of HOXC antisense RNA 1 (HOXC-AS1) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely unexplored. Objective: The objective of this research was to examine the relationship between HOXC-AS1 levels and LUAD through both bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Methods: We employed statistical methods and bioinformatics to evaluate the correlation between HOXC-AS1 expression and various clinical features, survival predictors, regulatory mechanisms, and immune cell infiltration in LUAD. The levels of HOXC-AS1 in LUAD cell lines were ascertained through quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Results: HOXC-AS1 displayed significantly increased expression in individuals with LUAD. There was a significant correlation between high HOXC-AS1 levels and diminished overall survival in LUAD patients, characterized by a hazard ratio of 0.66, a 95% confidence interval of 0.49 to 0.88, and a statistically significant P-value (0.005). An elevated expression of HOXCAS1 was found to be a standalone predictor of poor overall survival in LUAD patients, with a Pvalue of 0.002. HOXC-AS1 was found to be implicated in various pathways, such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and asthma, among others. The study revealed a substantial link between high HOXC-AS1 expression and unfavorable outcomes in LUAD, including poor survival and altered immune cell infiltration. LUAD cell lines exhibited a marked increase in HOXC-AS1 expression compared to the Beas-2B normal lung cell line. result: HOXC-AS1 is expressed at notably higher levels in LUAD patients. Elevated levels of HOXC-AS1 were associated with reduced overall survival (OS) in LUAD patients, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.66, a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.49–0.88, and achieved statistical significance (P = 0.005). Furthermore, high HOXC-AS1 expression was independently associated with poor OS in LUAD patients (P = 0.002). HOXC-AS1 was found to be implicated in various pathways, such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and asthma, among others. The study revealed a substantial link between high HOXC-AS1 expression and unfavorable outcomes in LUAD, including poor survival and altered immune cell infiltration. LUAD cell lines exhibited a marked increase in HOXC-AS1 expression compared to the Beas-2B normal lung cell line. Conclusion: The research indicated a strong association between higher levels of HOXC-AS1 and negative outcomes in LUAD, such as reduced survival rates and the presence of immune cell infiltration. HOXC-AS1 could potentially be utilized as a biomarker to anticipate patient prognosis and their likelihood of responding to immunotherapies in LUAD.