The Role of Gut Microbiome in Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Pathogenesis

on TMD (-4.13%). Further analysis based on transcriptomic data identified differentially expressed and shared genes between GM and TMD, with the AGE-RAGE (advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products) and processes related to cell adhesion and inflammation emerging as significant pathways. These findings highlight the role of GM dysbiosis in TMD pathogenesis, potentially through disruptions in lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes, suggesting new therapeutic strategies targeting GM and its associated pathways.