Crosstalk Between Cytokines and IgG N -Glycosylation: Bidirectional Effects and Relevance to Clinical Innovation for Inflammatory Diseases

The crosstalk between cytokines and immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation forms a bidirectional regulatory network that significantly impacts inflammation and immune function. This review examines how various cytokines, both pro- and anti-inflammatory, modulate IgG N-glycosylation, shaping antibody activity and influencing inflammatory responses. In addition, we explore how altered IgG N-glycosylation patterns affect cytokine production and immune signaling, either promoting or reducing inflammation. Through a comprehensive analysis of current studies, this review underscores the dynamic relationship between cytokines and IgG N-glycosylation. These insights enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying inflammatory diseases and contribute to improved strategies for disease prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and the exploration of novel treatment options. By focusing on this crosstalk, we identify new avenues for developing innovative diagnostic tools and therapies to improve patient outcomes in inflammatory diseases.