Synthetic Approaches to Gliclazide: An Antidiabetic Medication

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a global health concern, causing a significant threat to world health. Oral anti‐diabetic drugs play a crucial role in effective management of diabetes. Numerous anti‐diabetic medications have been known for a long period, classified according to their chemical groups but because of their low pharmaceutical cost and long‐term efficacy, sulphonylurea (SU) continues to be a well‐positioned medication with a long history of clinical use in treating type 2 diabetes. Among various available SU, Gliclazide stands out due to its significant reduction in cardiovascular mortality and extremely low rate of severe hypoglycaemia. Numerous synthetic methodologies have been developed to create more efficient pathways resulting in less waste and cheaper manufacturing. The present review aims to summarise some recently reported literature for the synthesis of Gliclazide. We have made an effort to highlight their drawbacks and advantages in this comparative analysis. Here we tried to compile different synthetic routes via various methods to synthesise Gliclazide which will serve as a valuable foundation to make potential modifications to the present inventions. This effort ultimately aims to contribute to the enhancement of the society's health and welfare.