Bone Regeneration and Morphologic Changes in Pediatric Iliac Donor Sites After Alveolar Cleft Bone Grafting

Introduction: Autogenous iliac bone grafting is the gold standard for alveolar cleft repair, yet comprehensive studies on donor site regeneration remain limited. This study aimed to objectively evaluate iliac bone regeneration, volumetric changes, and patient outcomes using 3D digital technology. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis included 16 pediatric patients (8–12 y) undergoing unilateral alveolar cleft repair. Patients were divided into group A (cancellous bone harvesting, n=10) and group B (cortico-cancellous block harvesting, n=6). Preoperative and 6-month postoperative Computed Tomography scans were analyzed via MIMICS and Geomagic Control X software for volumetric and morphologic assessments. Pain (VAS) and scar (VSS) scores were recorded. Results: All patients exhibited significant iliac bone volume increase postoperatively ( P <0.001), with no volume deficits. The mean preoperative to postoperative morphologic deviation measured 1.24±0.93 mm, predominantly reflecting minor alterations. No significant differences were observed between groups in volume changes ( P =0.792), morphology ( P =0.331), pain ( P =0.873), or scar scores ( P =0.519). Low morbidity and high patient satisfaction were reported. Conclusion: Pediatric iliac donor sites demonstrate strong regenerative capacity 6 months post-harvesting, with minimal volume loss or morphologic alterations. Both cancellous and cortico-cancellous techniques yield comparable short-term outcomes, supporting their clinical safety.